Strategies of Structure for TOEFL

Strategy of Structure

1. First study the sentence. Your purpose is to determine what is needed to complete the sentence correctly.
2. Then study each answer based on how well it completes the sentence. Eliminate answers that do not complete the sentence correctly.
3. Do not try to eliminate incorrect answers by looking only at the answers. The incorrect answers are generally correct by themselves. The incorrect answers are generally incorrect only when used to complete the sentence.
4. Never leave any answers blank. Be sure to answer each question even if you are unsure of the correct response.
5. Do not spend too much time on the Structure questions.

Example :

The swimming instructor came... if the apartment was still available.

A. to see

B. seeing

C. saw

D. for seeing

The sentence should be read "The swimming instructor came to see if the apartment was still available." Therefore, you should choose A.

Now begin work on the questions.

1. The committee has met twice and ....

    A. they reached a final decision

    B. a final decision was reached

    C. its decision was reached

    D. it has reached a final decision

2. The manager won't be able to attend the shareholders' meeting tomorrow because....

    A. he must to give a lecture

    B. he will be giving a lecture

    C. of he will give lecture

    D. he will have giving a lecture

3. Brenda's score on the test is the highest in class.

    A. She should study hard last night.

    B. She should have studied hard last night.

    C. She must have studied hard last night.

    D. She had to study hard last night

4. To answer accurately is more important than...

    A. to finish quickly

    B. a quick finish

    C. you finish it quickly

    D. quick finish

5. Having been served lunch,....

    A. the problems were discussed by the participants.

    B. the participants discuss the problems.

    C. it was discussed by the participants.

    D. A discussion of the problems were made by the participants.

6. East Kalimantan relies heavily on income from oil and natural gas, and....

    A. Aceh province also.

    B. Aceh province too.

    C. Aceh province is as well.

    D. so does Aceh province.

7. The participants have had some problems deciding....

    A. when they should announce the result of the meeting.

    B. when are they sgoing to announce the result of the meeting.

    C. when should they announce the result of the meeting.

    D. the time when the result of the meeting to announce.

8. This year will be more difficult for our organization because....

    A. we have less money and volunteers than last year.

    B. there is a little money and volunteers than last year.

    C. it has less money and fewer volunteers than it had last year.

    D. it has fewer money and less volunteers than it had last year.

9. Professor Baker told his students that...

    A. they can turn over their reports on Mondays.

    B. the reports can turn over on Monday.

    C. they could hand in their reports on Monday.

    D. the reports they can hand in on Monday.

10. The adder is a venomous snake ... bite may prove fatal to humans.

      A. its

      B. whom its

      C. that

      D. whose

11. .... a bee colony gets, the more the queen's egglaying capability diminishers.

      A. It is more overcrowded.

      B. The more overcrowded.

      C. More overcrowded than.

      D. More than overcrowded.

12. The chairwoman requested that ....

      A. the participants studied more careful the problem.

      B. the participants study the problem more carefully.

      C. the participants studied  the problem with more careful.

      D. the problem be studied more carefully.

13. Unlike the earth, which rotates once every twenty-four hours ... once every ten hours.

      A. the rotation of Jupiter

      B. Jupiter rotates

      C. Jupiter rotation

      D. Jupiter rotate

14. Jackson,... capital of Mississippi, is the largest city in the state.

      A. the

      B. it is the

      C. is the

      D. where the

15. The various types of bacteria are classified according to...shapes.

      A. whose

      B. how they are

      C. have

      D. their

Answer :

1. D                         11. B                      

2. B                         12. B                      

3. C                         13. B                       

4. A                         14. A                       

5. B                         15. D                      

6. D                         

7. C                         

8. C                         

9. C                         

10.D 

ERROR INDENTIFICATION

1. Even though he was exhausted, 

                                                A

john wrote he  parents a letter explaining the 

         B                   C           D

situation.

     

Answer : B

It should be : Wrote his parents a letter 

2. The Tyrrels had such warm welcome from their family 

                             A

that they were overwhelmed and could not  speak for 

                      B                   C

a few minutes.

    D                                      

Answer : A

It should be : Such a warm welcome 

3. The article suggests that when a person is under 

                          A

unusual stress you should be especially careful to eat 

                B                C

a well- balanced diet.

        D

Answer : B

It should be : he or she should be 

4.  Economics, with their widespread range of practical 

        A.             B

application, is of great interest to government 

            C

leaders throughoutthe world.  

             D                                                                                           

Answer : B

It should be : with its widespread 

5.  Kathy was definitely a faster swimmer than anyoneon 

                             A                B      C

her on her team and appeared headed for the state 

                                   D

championship.                                 

Answer : C

It should be : anyone else 

6.  The stage production that we saw in  New York was 

           A                        B

very much as the one we had previously seen in London

            C                      D

Answer : C

It should be: much like the one 

7.  Did you hear many news about 

                    A

the political situation while you were in that country?

       B                C              D

                                     

Answer : A 

It should be : much news

8. Both John, Bob and Tom are outstanding golfers 

    A                                  B

and reasonably good tennis players.

        C        D     

Answer : A

It should be : John, Bob, and Tom 

9.  His speech was a careful worded attempt to evadehis 

                         A       B                C

responsibility in the matter.

              D                                              

Answer : A

It should be : carefully worded

10.  The children were surprised when the 

                            A

teacher had them to close their books unexpectedly.

          B          C                       D

Answer: C

It should be : had them close

  

Sumber :

http://argumentunram.blogspot.co.id/2013/02/strategies-of-structure-and-written.html?m=1
http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/10/contoh-soal-toefl-structure-lengkap.html?m=1
http://www.ahzaa.net/2015/11/contoh-soal-pembahasan-dan-latihan-soal.html?m=1

Five Tips to Improve TOEFL Listening Score!

1. Take Notes

Taking accurate notes quickly is the most important skill on the TOEFL. It is both a mental and a physical skill. It is physical because by moving your hand faster and writing faster, you can write more notes than another person can. Additionally, it is mental because you need to summarize sentences, shorten words, identify the most important parts of a sentence and throw out unnecessary statements.

Write down:

– Main points that the lecture has said

– Details about main points

– Facts that are difficult to remember, but can be asked about (often in the conversations there is one question about an inconsequential fact from the beginning)

Do not write down:

– Function words (like ‘the’ or ‘a/an’)

– Words signaling the organization of the passage (‘The first reason the Maldives are beautiful is…’ or ‘The main idea is..’)

2. Know the Organization

Another important aspect of the TOEFL Listening is to know the organization of the Lectures. ETS has even listed the types of organization on its website.

First, there are two main structures:

Lecture or Presentation where there is a clearly defined Introduction, Body and Conclusion, and

Narrative where there is a Beginning, Middle and End.

In the Greenhouse Effect Listening above, we saw a Lecture/Presentation type where the idea of the Greenhouse Effect was described, then it was described more in detail with differing versions (pos + neg) then its actual effect in the world was detailed.

Then we look at the different styles of organization:

• Theory and Evidence
• Cause and Effect
• Steps of a Process
• Comparison of Two Things

As you might have guessed, our Greenhouse effect lecture was the Theory and Evidence type.

When you are listening, remember to listen for the General Ideas (like the Greenhouse effect and the enhanced greenhouse effect) as well as the details: Facts, Examples and Opinions (like the fact that the ocean absorbs heat, the study that showed it was warming and the opinion on whether we know if it is bad or good).

3. Listen to Audio

An important way to practice for the TOEFL Listening is to actually listen to audio all around you. The television is good, specifically documentaries or channels like Animal Planet and National Geographic.

4. Signals

We may have mentioned it above, but signals are very important to pay attention to when you are listening to a TOEFL conversation or lecture.

ETS lists words that signal type of information in the phrases below:

• Opinion (I think, It appears that, It is thought that)
• Theory (In theory)
• Inference (therefore, then)
• Negatives (not, or words that begin with ‘un’, ‘non’, ‘dis’, or ‘a’)
• Fillers (non-essential information like uh, umm, or er)

Additionally, keep an eye out for conjunctions and signal words like:

• reasons (because, since)
• results (as a result, so, therefore, thus, consequently)
• examples (for example, such as)
• comparisons (in contrast, than)
• an opposing idea (on the other hand, however)
• another idea (furthermore, moreover, besides)
• a similar idea (similarly, likewise)
• restatements of information (in other words, that is)
• conclusions (in conclusion, in summary)

Remember that often the speakers will use pauses and changes of speed to provide clues as to how to organize and group information.

5. Practice, Practice, Practice

Most importantly, remember to practice. The TOEFL listening section is a very quick and tricky section. Even native speakers need to train themselves for this section because it does not come naturally. So the best way to get better at it is to practice a lot.

Sumber : https://www.icon-plus.com/news-and-media/blog/toefl/five-tips-to-improve-your-toefl-listening-score